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Escape to a Paradise Steeped in History at St. Helena Island Brisbane
You won’t find Napoleon here (that’s a different St. Helena), but this island also holds a storied past. Nestled in the azure waters of Moreton Bay, St. Helena Island stands as a testament to Queensland’s colorful history.
Once a penal colony dubbed “Queensland’s Alcatraz,” this unassuming island has transformed from a place of punishment to a haven for history buffs and nature lovers.
Legend has it that the island’s sugarcane fields were so lush, escaped convicts could disappear for days, living off the sweet stalks. Today, the only “escapees” are the curious kangaroos hopping among the ruins of the old prison.
From hardened criminals to hardworking wardens, St. Helena’s stories are as diverse as its wildlife. So, get ready and set sail – St. Helena Island is the perfect Brisbane getaway if you want a quick escape with a history lesson or two.
Location
St. Helena Island lies approximately 23 kilometers east of Brisbane, enveloped by the Moreton Bay Marine Park.
The island itself has been named a national ark due to its rich history and diverse species of birdlife that call it home.
The land area is compact at approximately 1.82 square kilometers, offering a manageable size for exploration on foot or by bicycle.
St. Helena Island History
- The island was originally called Noogoon by the locals, but was renamed St. Helena in 1828. According to local tales, an aboriginal man named Napoleon was exiled to the island.
His story is similar to his namesake Napoleon Bonaparte who was exiled to an island of the same name.
- St. Helena Island’s past is marked by its role as a high-security prison from 1867 to 1932. Overcrowding in Brisbane’s jails led to repurposing quarantine buildings for prisoners.
- Prisoner labor fueled the island: construction, farming, food processing – everything ran on their efforts. The initial years focused on building essential structures like cell blocks and a hospital.
- Industries like sugar cane processing and various workshops (bootmaking, tailoring, carpentry) emerged to keep prisoners occupied. Local materials like beachrock and clay were used for construction, supervised by skilled warders.
- The island’s limited size led to the clearing of natural vegetation for prison needs. While the Superintendent’s gardens thrived, they featured mostly non-native plants.
- Efficiency and self-sufficiency were key for the prison. The St. Helena Island Penal Establishment earned recognition for its prize-winning dairy and olive products.
- Life on the island revolved around strict supervision. Constant patrols, barred windows, and leg irons reflected the harsh reality of 19th-century prison life.
Escape attempts were frequent, with sentries and watchful warders as deterrents.
- The St. Helena tramway, operating from 1885 to 1932, was a significant feature and Queensland’s first passenger tram service. Remnants like embankments and the “Kangaroo” car are still visible.
- The prison’s closure in 1932 was driven by administrative issues, social reforms, fire risk, and isolation concerns for warders. Demolition of buildings began in 1925, with most reusable materials sent to the mainland.
- The idea of making St. Helena Island a national park emerged in 1910. Today, only 7% of the original structures remain, preserved for their historical significance.
- In 1979, St. Helena Island was officially declared a National Park Reserve, ensuring its natural beauty and historical significance are preserved for future generations.
Getting There
St. Helena Island lies just a short trip away, nestled 7 kilometers northeast of Brisbane suburb, Manly. You can reach this island paradise in just 45 minutes by boat!
Several commercial operators offer ferry services departing from both Manly and New Farm, making it easy to plan your island escape.
Looking for a unique educational experience? The Moreton Bay Environmental Education Centre even runs its own boat service specifically for school groups and you can contact them directly to book your group’s island adventure.
When exploring the island, the good news is that you can explore the southern part of St. Helena without a tour guide. This area is open to the public and perfect for independent exploration.
However, venturing beyond the southern section requires a guided tour. The remaining areas, including the intriguing prison ruins, are restricted access zones.
When it comes to accessibility, there are wheelchair-accessible restrooms on the island. But keep in mind that the terrain can be challenging for those with mobility limitations.
The paths are often grassy, and the crushed coral roads are not easily navigable for strollers or wheelchairs. If accessibility is a concern for you, the park office can provide further information and may be able to offer suggestions for navigating the island.
Things to Do on St. Helena Island
St. Helena Island offers a captivating blend of natural beauty, rich history, and exciting activities. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply seeking a relaxing escape, this island paradise has something for everyone.
Here’s a glimpse of some fun and interesting island activities that await you:
1. Soak Up the Sun
Indulge in the quintessential island experience – bask in the warm Queensland sunshine on pristine white sand beaches. Make sure to pack a hat and sunscreen!
Unravel the Island’s History
Step back in time and dive into the captivating story of St. Helena Island. Explore the fascinating ruins of the Quarantine Station, a vital checkpoint for incoming ships and passengers in the 19th century.
You can visit the restored Commandant’s Quarters, the convict hospital, and the cemetery, gaining a deeper appreciation for the island’s rich past.
Imagine the lives of those who lived and worked here, and uncover the island’s unique role in Queensland’s history.
Go Bird-watching
Transform into an amateur ornithologist and witness the incredible diversity of birdlife on St. Helena Island. Over 130 different bird species call this island paradise home.
During the summer months, the island’s shoreline becomes a bustling feeding ground for migratory wading birds, offering a breathtaking spectacle.
Keep an eye out for majestic eagles soaring overhead and listen to the melodious calls of honeyeaters flitting amongst the wildflowers. You can even spot vibrant kingfishers darting through the trees!
Explore the Diverse Terrain
Lace up your walking shoes and embark on a journey through the island’s diverse landscapes. Designated trails wind through woodlands teeming with native flora and fauna.
You can climb up the highest point on the island, offering panoramic vistas of Moreton Bay and the surrounding islands.
Explore the rocky shores teeming with marine life, or discover hidden coves tucked away along the coastline. Each path presents a unique perspective of St. Helena Island’s natural beauty.
Have a Picnic
Pack a delicious spread and find a scenic spot for a delightful picnic on St. Helena Island. Imagine spreading out a checkered blanket beneath the shade of a towering fig tree, or setting up your picnic basket overlooking the sparkling beach.
Savor your homemade treats and refreshing drinks while enjoying the tranquility of the island. Unwind, reconnect with nature, and create lasting memories in this idyllic setting.
St. Helena Island Tours
For a hassle-free trip, you can book a tour to the historic island. Here are some operators that offer tours and cruises to St. Helena Island:
Brisbane Cruises
Website: https://www.brisbanecruises.com.au/
Brisbane Cruises offers a captivating journey to St. Helena Island. Departing from the vibrant Bretts Wharf Plaza in Hamilton, this tour offers a comprehensive and enriching island experience.
Unwind on a scenic 6-hour cruise across Moreton Bay, taking in the breathtaking beauty of the surrounding islands. Upon arrival, delve into the island’s fascinating history through a guided walking tour.
Explore the remnants of the 19th-century prison settlement, including the Commandant’s Quarters and the convict hospital.
The tour doesn’t just focus on the past as you’ll get to enjoy a delicious lunch buffet onboard the MV Lady Brisbane, refueling you after your historical exploration.
Savor a variety of cold meats, salads, desserts, and even indulge in three complimentary standard drinks.
The tour is priced at $85 for adults and $40 for kids. What’s more, they also offer a night cruise on selected dates.
St. Helena Island Ferries
Website: https://www.sthelenaisland.com.au/
Ready for a unique adventure just minutes from Brisbane? St. Helena Island Day Tours offers an award-winning escape that blends captivating history with stunning natural beauty.
Their tours are a perfect choice for families. Travel “across Moreton Bay and back in time” with a talented performer from the St. Helena Theatre Troupe.
They’ll bring the island’s rich history to life – from Aboriginal beginnings to the 19th-century prison settlement. They’ll weave a tale that’s both informative and entertaining, with “sometimes sad but often funny stories” along the way.
St. Helena Island offers a fascinating glimpse into Australian history, making it a fantastic educational experience for kids. Take a break for a picnic lunch, then delve deeper into the island’s past through a “prison adventure.”
Before you know it, it’ll be time to board the Cat o Nine Tails ferry and return to 21st-century Brisbane.
Looking for a customized experience? The friendly staff at St. Helena Island Day Tours are happy to help! Contact them to discuss tailoring a tour to your interests, or browse their existing tour options.
Experience Oz
Website: https://www.experienceoz.com.au/en/
Experience a breathtaking Brisbane adventure with a twist – a sunset cruise to the captivating St. Helena and Peel Islands! Embark on a relaxing journey as the sun dips below the horizon, painting the Moreton Bay sky in a kaleidoscope of colors.
This unique tour by Experience Oz offers a glimpse into the natural beauty and historical significance of these island gems.
As you cruise, knowledgeable guides will regale you with tales of shipwrecks, Aboriginal stories, and the fascinating past of the Quarantine Station on St. Helena Island.
Peel Island, a protected national park, will unveil its pristine coves and diverse wildlife. Imagine spotting playful dolphins or majestic sea turtles as you cruise past its shores.
But the true magic unfolds as the sun begins to set. Witness the transformation of Moreton Bay into a canvas of fiery hues, creating a truly unforgettable experience.
You’ll also enjoy complimentary snacks and drinks while soaking up the panoramic views and the serenity of the twilight hour.
The tour is priced at $88 and also includes pick-up and drop-off at Howard Smith Wharves in Brisbane.
Things to Know Before You Go
- St. Helena Island is a protected National Park Reserve, and responsible tourism is crucial. Limited amenities are available on the island, so plan accordingly.
Pack all necessary supplies, including food, water, sunscreen, insect repellent, and a hat.
- The national park is open during the day and fees would depend on your chosen tour operator if applicable.
- Remember to wear comfortable walking shoes as you’ll do a lot of walking around the island.
- Take note that pets aren’t allowed on the island.
- Camping is not allowed on the island.
